Association of Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers with Lifestyle-Related Diseases in the Community Population
Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers in Lifestyle-Related Diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69750/dmls.03.04.0204Keywords:
Inflammatory biomarkers, Metabolic syndrome, hs-CRP, Lifestyle diseases, Dyslipidemia, Cardiometabolic riskAbstract
Background: Chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction are closely linked to lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, which are rapidly rising all over the world. Inflammatory and metabolic markers can be useful to identify early those who are at greater cardiometabolic risk.
Objective: To assess the relationship between inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers and lifestyle-related diseases in the community.
Methods: This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted from March 2023 to September 2025 at the Department of Medicine, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, Pakistan, and Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 200 participants aged 20–70 years were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling. Structured questionnaires were used to collect anthropometric measurements and lifestyle-related data. The blood samples were used to determine high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, and serum uric acid.
Results: Among 200 participants, 112 (56.0%) were females, and 88 (44.0%) were males. Obesity was observed in 39.5%, hypertension in 36.5%, diabetes mellitus in 30.5%, dyslipidemia in 46.0%, and metabolic syndrome in 34.0% of participants. Mean hs-CRP levels were significantly higher among diseased participants (6.1 ± 1.7 mg/L) compared to healthy individuals (2.2 ± 0.8 mg/L; p<0.001). In addition, the HbA1c, triglycerides, LDL-C, fasting blood glucose, and serum uric acid levels were also significantly increased among individuals with lifestyle-related diseases. A high level of hs-CRP was most strongly and independently associated with metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between inflammatory and metabolic markers and lifestyle-related diseases, and they can be useful markers for early recognition of cardiometabolic diseases.
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