Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Metabolic Syndrome Severity in Adults: A Tertiary Care Observational Study
Vitamin D and Metabolic Syndrome Severity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69750/dmls.03.02.0188Keywords:
Vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, PakistanAbstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant challenge in the world health that is defined by a complex of metabolic dysfunctions, such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and poor glucose metabolism. The role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders has been recently discovered as a consequence of its action on insulin resistance and inflammation.
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and severity of metabolic syndrome in adults visiting a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study is done between June 2023 and June 2025 in the teaching hospital attached to Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan. One hundred and thirty adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome using the NCEP ATP III criteria were recruited. ELISA was used to determine the level of serum 25(OH)D and placed into the following classes: deficient, insufficient, and sufficient. The severity of metabolic syndrome was identified according to the number of diagnostic elements. Correlation and multivariate regression were used in the statistical analysis.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was found in 62.3% of respondents. The levels of serum 25(OH)D were also significantly inversely correlated with the measures of waist circumference, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and insulin resistance (p<0.05). The more severe metabolic syndrome participants would have much lower vitamin D levels. Low vitamin D was found in the multivariate analysis to be an independent predictor of the severity of the disease.
Conclusion: Low levels of serum 25(OH)D are found to be a significant determinant of severity of metabolic syndrome. The clinical practice of early risk stratification may use a tool like vitamin D assessment.
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